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Wednesday, February 10, 2010
An IAA Archaeological Excavation in the Heart of the Old City Confirms a Description on an Ancient Map: For the First Time the Main Road of Jerusalem, from 1,500 Years Ago, is Exposed

Press Release

An IAA Archaeological Excavation in the Heart of the Old City Confirms a
Description on an Ancient Map: For the First Time the Main Road of
Jerusalem, from 1,500 Years Ago, is Exposed

The excavations are being carried out at the initiation of the Jerusalem
Development Authority, prior to rehabilitating the infrastructure

Madaba Map - an ancient mosaic map in a church in Jordan from the
sixth-seventh century CE, which depicted the Land of Israel in the Byzantine
period, explicitly showed: the entrance to Jerusalem from the west was via a
very large gate that led to a single, central thoroughfare on that side of
the city.

Various evidence of the important buildings in Jerusalem that appear on the
map has been uncovered over the years or has survived to this day - for
example the Church of the Holy Sepulcher - but the large bustling street
from the period when Jerusalem became a Christian city has not been
discovered until now. The reason for this is that no archaeological
excavations took place in the region due to the inconvenience it would cause
in stopping traffic in such a busy central location.

Now, because of the need for a thorough treatment of the infrastructure in
the region, the Jerusalem Development Authority has initiated rehabilitation
work and is renewing the infrastructure in this area in general, and next to
the entrance to David Street (known to tourists as the stepped-street with
the shops) in particular. Thus it is possible for both archaeologists and
the public to catch a rare glimpse of what is going on beneath the flagstone
pavement that is so familiar to us all.

From his knowledge of the Madaba Map, Dr. Ofer Sion, excavation director on
behalf of the

Israel Antiquities Authority, surmised that the place where the
infrastructure will be replaced is where a main road passes that is known
from the map. "And indeed, after removing a number of archaeological strata,
at a depth of c. 4.5 m below today's street level, much to our excitement we
discovered the large flagstones that paved the street". The flagstones,
more than a meter long, were found cracked from the burden of centuries. A
foundation built of stone was unearthed alongside the street on which a
sidewalk and a row of columns, which have not yet been revealed, were
founded. According to Dr. Sion, "It is wonderful to see that David Street,
which is teeming with so much life today, actually preserved the route of
the noisy street from 1,500 years ago".

During the Middle Ages a very large building that faced the street was
constructed on the stone foundation of the Byzantine period. In a later
phase, during the Mamluk period (thirteenth-fourteenth centuries CE)
elongated rooms were built inside this structure, some of which are vaulted;
these were apparently used as shops and storerooms. It turns out that
beneath this building - right below the street that runs between David's
Citadel and David Street and leads to the Armenian Quarter - is an enormous
cistern, 8 x 12 meters and 5 meters deep, which supplied water to its
occupants.

The Madaba Map is an 8 x 16 meter mosaic map that was built in a church in
Madaba, Jordan and described the Land of Israel through the intimate
knowledge the mosaic's builder had of the country. The map depicts
schematically all of the Land of Israel, with an emphasis on the Christian
sites in it. Among other things that appear on the map are many of the
churches they began to erect at this time when the city underwent a
religious change from paganism to Christianity. The churches can be
identified by the red roofs that are portrayed on the map.

The artifacts that were discovered in the excavations include an abundance
of pottery vessels and coins and five small square bronze weights that the
shopkeepers used for weighing precious metals.

Click here to download high resolution pictures:

www.antiquities.org.il/about_eng.asp?Modul_id=14

1. Remains of the 1,500 year old street. Photograph: Assaf Peretz,
courtesy of the Israel Antiquities Authority.

2. The cistern that was exposed below the street, between David's
Citadel and David Street. Photograph: Assaf Peretz, courtesy of the Israel
Antiquities Authority.

3. The region of Jerusalem as it appears on the Madaba Map (both sides
of the street are marked in red).

For further information, kindly contact Yoli Shwartz, Israel Antiquities
Authority Spokesperson, 972-52-5991888, dovrut@israntique.org.il

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