Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center
The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism
Information Center

February 20, 2011
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/hezbollah_e018.htm

Sami Shihab, a Hezbollah operative who escaped from an Egyptian prison,
participated in a Hezbollah rally in Beirut. His network infiltrated
operatives and weapons into the Gaza Strip and planned attacks against
tourist sites in Egypt. His public appearance was a Hezbollah defiance of
Egypt and might indicate Hezbollah-Iran self-confidence.

Overview

1. On February 16 Hezbollah held its annual rally in the southern suburb of
Beirut, commemorating the deaths of three of its senior operatives: Ghareb
Harb, Abbas Mussawi and Imad Mughnieh. The main event of the rally was a
speech (broadcast on a large screen) by Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.
Sami Shihab, commander of a Hezbollah network in Egypt, who recently escaped
from an Egyptian prison, mounted the stage and waved a Hezbollah flag.1

2. Sami Hani Shihab is the alias of Muhammad Yussuf Ahmed Mansour, an
operative in Hezbollah's Unit 1800. He headed a Hezbollah network in Egypt,
which according to the Egyptians was directed by Iran. According to large
amounts of detailed information in the Egyptian media, the network had 49
members. At first it smuggled weapons into the Gaza Strip by a route (whose
starting point may have been Iran) through Sudan and from there to Egypt and
the Gaza Strip through the tunnels in the Rafah area. According to the
Egyptian media, at some point the network received instructions from
Hezbollah to carry out attacks on Egyptian territory, especially targeting
tourist sites along the Red Sea customarily visited by Israelis2 [the
summary of the information revealed by interrogating Sami Shihab and
appeared in the Egyptian media in April 2009; see the Appendix].

3. The Egyptians regarded the exposure of the Hezbollah network as a sign of
blatant Iranian intervention in Egypt's internal affairs and national
security. The genuine fear of the possible implications of Iranian
subversion led the Egyptians to undertake a media campaign against Iran,
around which Egyptian President Mubarak, the Egyptian foreign minister and
the Egyptian media rallied. The Saudi Arabian media were also enlisted,
which put Iran and the Lebanese government on the defensive.

Saudi Arabian cartoons about the exposure of the Hezbollah network in Egypt

Hassan Nasrallah, switched on by Iran (Al-Nadwah, Saudi Arabia, April 14,
2009).

Hassan Nasrallah, Iran's wind-up toy, pushes a wagon inscribed "We have no
other branches" [i.e., in the Arab countries, a claim made by Nasrallah in
his speech]. The bomb reads "the Iranian project" (Al-Nadwah, Saudi Arabia,
April 12, 2009).

4. Hezbollah's defiance may indicate its growing self confidence (and also
of Iran, its patron), which was also expressed in a speech made at the rally
by Hassan Nasrallah (who threatened to attack senior IDF officers traveling
abroad and even to "take over the Galilee" if Lebanon was "forced" to go to
war). The reason for the self-confidence is the perception of the radical
camp (Iran, Syria, Hezbollah and Hamas) that it will profit from the
dramatic events in Egypt and Tunisia, which may spread to other pro-Western
countries. That is true despite the fact that there is also internal unrest
in the radical camp's countries, especially Iran, unrest which is brutally
suppressed by the regimes.

Appendix

Egyptian media reports about information revealed by the interrogation of
Sami Shihab

1. On April 13, 2009, the Egyptian daily Al-Masri Al-Yawm printed a report
of the interrogation of Muhammad Yussuf Ahmed Mansour, a Lebanese Shi'ite
from the southern suburb of Beirut, who entered Egypt on a forged passport.

2. Mansour admitted that he was a Hezbollah operative, aka Sami Hani Shihab,
which was verified by Hassan Nasrallah in his speech. The main points of his
statements made during interrogation by the Egyptian security services were
the following:

1) He admitted that as a Hezbollah operative he was enlisted by the
organization's general recruitment division. He underwent military training
but suffered a spinal injury. After his recovery he joined Unit 1800, which
deals with the "Palestinian issue" through "the ring countries" [i.e., the
countries encircling Israel]. He received intensive intelligence training
enabling him to carry out missions in Egypt.

2) In 2005 he was sent to Cairo to set up a Hezbollah network called
"the Egyptian branch." Its objective was defined as "supporting the
Palestinian cause." His direct commander in Lebanon was a Hezbollah
operative named Muhammad Qabalan. Qabalan was chosen for the role because he
had been in Egypt in 2007 and 2008, and was familiar with the southern Sinai
Peninsula, which he had visited using a forged Egyptian passport in the name
of Hassan al-Ghul.3

3) Hezbollah's [Egyptian Branch] operatives conducted reconnaissance of
tourist sites along the Red Sea coast to collect intelligence about
vacationing Israeli tourists. [The Arab and Egyptian media reported that the
network planned a number of showcase attacks at tourist sites using car
bombs and explosive belts.] One of the network's operatives was a resident
of Port Said named Hassan al-Manakhili, who had been instructed to collect
information about the Nuweiba area [on the Red Sea coast in the eastern
Sinai Peninsula] and to conduct reconnaissance in the Ras al-Shaitan area
[near Nuweiba] [On April 23, 2009, the Egyptian daily Al-Akhbar reported
that Sami Shihab had instructed Hassan al-Manakhili and five other detained
men from Port Said to purchase a boat and rent a fishing store in Port Said
to collect information about the ships passing through the Suez Canal].

3) Hezbollah operative Muhammad Qabalan dealt with infiltrating
operatives and weapons into the Gaza Strip for attacks on Israel. To that
end the network purchased C4 [a high-quality plastic explosive produced in
Iran] and stored it in the home of a network operative in El Arish. The
explosives were used to prepare explosive belts and suitcases. In addition,
the necessary equipment for making IEDs was purchased, such as electrical
wires and ball bearings. On April 18 Egyptian sources close to the
investigation told an Al-Sharq al-Awsat correspondent in Cairo that the
explosives were supposed to have been smuggled into Israel by Israeli Arabs
for use in carrying out terrorist attacks.

4) In preparation for smuggling the explosives into Israel Muhammad
Qabalan went to Sudan "to make a number of logistic contacts." He went to
"make the acquaintance of African and Sudanese smugglers to infiltrate
operatives into Gaza." The smugglers agreed and would be paid $2,000 for
each operative infiltrated into the Gaza Strip, and $16,000 for a car. The
network infiltrated operatives into the Gaza Strip but according to the
interrogation, only a small number.

3. Another operative who was detained, Muhammad Ramadan, admitted that he
had infiltrated into Egypt [from the Gaza Strip] through the tunnels [in
Rafah] with a friend. Their objective was to locate men who would infiltrate
into Israel to carry out suicide bombing attacks.4 Muhammad Ramadan met with
Hezbollah network head Sami Shihab, who told him he could help him and
provide him with the means of carrying out attacks. The Egyptian media
claimed that the attacks were not carried out because the Israeli Arabs who
were involved were apprehended by the Israeli intelligence service.

1 He appeared at the rally despite the fact that Hezbollah sources had
previously leaked to the Arab newspaper Al-Sharq al-Awsat that he did not
intend to appear. "Parliamentary sources" within Hezbollah claimed that "as
opposed to the rumors, it is highly unlikely that Sami Shihab will attend
the rally in Beirut's southern suburb, and the Sayid [i.e., Hassan
Nasrallah] also will not speak or transmit any information about the
Hezbollah network [in Egypt]. That is because that is not the way Sayid
Nasrallah will bless the evolving Egyptian revolution, and he does not
intend to exploit other people's victories" (Al-Sharq al-Awsat, February 12,
2011).

2 For further information see the April 13, 2009 ITIC bulletin, " Egypt
exposes a Hezbollah network on its soil, claiming it not only smuggled
weapons into the Gaza Strip and but also planned to carry out terrorist
attacks and subversion activities. Hassan Nasrallah admitted a detained
Hezbollah operative was involved in smuggling but denied other accusations"
at
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/pdf/hezbollah_e010.pdf.
Also see the April 28, 2009 ITIC bulletin " Exposure of a Hezbollah network
in Egypt: state of affairs, implications, and reactions in Egypt and in the
Arab and Muslim world" at
http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/pdf/hezbollah_e011.pdf.

3 The Egyptian intelligence service interrogation revealed that Hezbollah
customarily used the names of deceased Lebanese Sunnis to forge passports
for its operatives (Al-Arab, April 22, 2009).

4 The Egyptian media did not state which organization Muhammad Ramadan and
his friend belonged to, part of Egypt's tendency to focus on Iran and
Hezbollah and to downplay the support Hamas gives Hezbollah networks. The
Egyptian media also noted that among those detained were two Fatah
operatives who admitted under interrogation that they had infiltrated into
Egypt from the Gaza Strip. Both had been instructed to go to Sudan, Syria
and Lebanon for training in carrying out suicide bombing attacks (Al-Masri
Al-Yawm, April 16, 2009).